Chester Wilmot (1911–1954)

I don’t usually read military history, but I couldn’t resist this latest release in the Text Classics series. Tobruk 1941 interests me because The Offspring had a great-uncle who was a Rat of Tobruk. Uncle Doug Allan, who died in 1985, was a gentle, kind-hearted soul, generous to a fault and with the typical laconic Aussie sense of humour, but this apparently ordinary Aussie Bloke was also a hero, the like of which we’ll never see again.

Early in 1941, Australian troops captured Tobruk from the Italians: it was an important victory because it was Mussolini’s stronghold on the Libyan Coast. Bordered by pitiless desert, Tobruk was a strategic fortress because it had a deep-water harbour on the eastern Mediterranean. Rommel’s Afrika Corps quickly arrived to reclaim it and so began a 241-day siege beginning in April and not lifted until November of that year. Germany had successfully stormed through Europe using Blitzkrieg tactics, and the Afrika Corps had never been defeated. Tobruk was the first time they were repulsed and it wasn’t just Rommel who was outraged, the German High Command was livid. They were especially galled to discover that their crack troops had been stymied by a bunch of volunteers. As a captured German diary showed:

Our opponents are Englishmen and Australians. No trained attacking troops, but men with nerves and toughness, tireless, taking punishment with obstinacy, wonderful in defence. Ah well, the Greeks also spent ten years before Troy. (p 186)

The defenders comprised 14,000 Australian soldiers commanded by Lieutenant General Leslie Morshead, about 5000 men in four regiments of British artillery, and about 500 Indian troops under the command of the British. For both sides, Tobruk was critical because the Allies wanted to keep Rommel tied up in Libya while they regrouped after their defeat in Greece, and the Axis Powers wanted to get on with having control of the oil fields.

Chester Wilmot was an embedded war correspondent with the AIF, and he wrote this landmark text during 1943 while he was becalmed in Sydney. (He’d lost his accreditation because he’d offended General Blamey with criticism of the high command supplying the troops in New Guinea). With the war still raging, Wilmot used this time to write a unique military history of the Siege of Tobruk.

To read the rest of my review please visit https://anzlitlovers.com/2017/04/20/tobruk-1941-by-chester-wilmot/… (més)