If a man is found slain, lying in a field in the land the Lord your God is giving you to possess, and it is not known who killed him, your elders and judges shall go out and measure the distance from the body to the neighboring towns.

Then the elders of the town nearest the body shall take a heifer that has never been worked and has never work a yoke and lead her down to a valley that has not been plowed or planted and where there is a flowing stream.

There in the valley they are to break the heifer's neck.

The pirests, the sons of Levi, shall step forward, for the Lord your God has chosen them to minister and to pronounce blessings n the name of the Lord and to decide all cases of dispute and assault.

Then all the elders of the town nearest the body shall wash their hands over the heifer whose neck was broken in the valley and they shall declare:

"Our hands did not shed this blood, nor did our eyes see it done. Accept this atonement for your people Israel, whom you have redeemed, O Lord, and do not hold your people guilty of the blood of an innocent man."

Deuteronomy 21:1-9

In contact wounds, the muzzle of the weapon is held against the surface of the body. . .the immediate edges of the entrance are seared by hot gases and blackened by the soot. This is embedded in the seared skin and cannot be completely removed eithe rby washing or vigorous scrubbing of the wound.

Vincent J.M. DiMaio, M.D.,

Gunshot Wounds: Practical Aspects of Firearms, Ballistics and Forensic Technique